Hydroceles

Hydrocele is a benign condition, common in newborn boys and it doesn't usually cause any serious problems. However, treatment may be needed to relieve the swelling if it doesn't go away by itself.

What Is a Hydrocele?

A hydrocele is a painless swelling around one or both testicles that occurs because of a build-up of fluid. The condition is most often seen in newborns, but it can also develop at later ages.

Signs of Hydrocele

Hydroceles cause visible swelling around the testicles or in the scrotum. The amount of fluid can change, so the swelling may increase or decrease over time or as your child moves around (usually there is more swelling in the evening and less in the morning). It can occur on one side or affect both sides of the scrotum. Sometimes there is only a small amount of swelling, but hydroceles can swell up a, which can be quite alarming for parents. However, hydroceles aren't usually painful and they won't cause any serious problems.

If you notice any swelling around the testicles, then you should consult a specialist. The doctor will perform a physical examination to confirm the condition and will advise as to the best approach. It is particularly important to rule out other possible causes of swelling, such as an inguinal hernia.

Causes of Hydroceles

Hydroceles are common in newborn babies, particularly in pre-terms. When the testicles are developing in the womb, they must move down into the scrotum through a duct from the abdomen. The duct usually closes itself off soon after the testes are in place. However, in some cases the duct can remain open. Fluid from inside the abdomen can then drain down through the duct and into the scrotum. It is this fluid that causes the swelling in a hydrocele. A small amount of swelling is very common in newborns, but it usually goes away within a few days. Sometimes the swelling can last longer, but in most cases, it will disappear within a few months. If the swelling is still present after the age of two it is less likely to resolve spontaneously and treatment may be required.

Older children can also develop hydroceles. It may happen as a result of injuries or inflammation around the testicles, which can trigger swelling and overproduction of fluid. Surgery may be required to relieve the swelling.

Treatments for Hydroceles

Treatment isn't always required for hydroceles. The swelling can go away by itself over time, so the doctor may want to monitor your child's condition before recommending surgery. However, if the swelling is very big, worsens or does not disappear or your child is already over two years of age, then an operation may be recommended.

The procedure is carried out as a day case under general anaesthetic. A small incision is made in the abdomen or scrotum so the hydrocele can be removed. The duct that allowed fluid to accumulate will also be sealed to prevent the hydrocele from returning.

If you have noticed any swelling or need advice on the treatment options for hydroceles you should make an appointment. It is important to confirm the diagnosis and seek expert advice on whether surgery is needed.